Pituitary Gland Surgeries
Pituitary gland surgeries are procedures performed to treat conditions affecting the pituitary gland, a small, pea-sized organ located at the base of the brain, responsible for producing hormones that regulate essential body functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes. These surgeries are commonly used to remove pituitary tumors, also known as pituitary adenomas, which can cause hormone imbalances or press on nearby structures like the optic nerves, leading to vision problems.
Types of Pituitary Gland Surgeries:
- Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery: The most common and minimally invasive approach, in which surgeons access the pituitary gland through the nasal passage using an endoscope. This method minimizes trauma, allows for faster recovery, and typically leaves no visible scars.
- Craniotomy: A more invasive approach involving an incision in the skull, typically used for larger or complex tumors that cannot be accessed through the nose.
Indications for Pituitary Gland Surgery:
Surgery may be recommended if:
- A tumor is causing hormone overproduction (e.g., acromegaly, Cushing's disease).
- The tumor is pressing on the optic nerves, leading to vision problems.
- The tumor is large, growing, or causing pituitary apoplexy (sudden bleeding or damage to the gland).
- The patient does not respond to medications or other treatments.